调查研究问题设计中的心理因素分析

An Analysis of the Psychological Factors in Problem Design of Survey Research

在调查研究中,问题是调查者和被调查者信息交流的基本中介,与调查的其他任何单一因素相比,问题的设计通常对调查结果影响更为深远。在问题回答过程中总是夹杂着非常复杂的心理因素,被调查者心理或性格中的某些倾向将会影响回答的客观性和有效性,从而有可能导致反应偏差。本文从心理学的视角,在调查研究中基于心理因素分析,从理论上探讨如何科学有效地设计和安排调研问题。

Question is a basic media for communicating information between researchers and objects in survey research.Compared with other factors,problem design has exerted more influence on the result of survey.Some complex psychological factors have been mingled into the question-answering process,and certain inclinations in the object＇s mentality and character would affect the objectivity and effectiveness of research result,leading to deviations in their responses.The essay is a discussion of how to design and arrange problems scientifically from the perspective of psychology in theory,based on an analysis of the psychological factors.