金华地区野生大豆小种群的分子生态学研究

Molecular-Ecology Study on Sub-population of Wild Soybeans within Jinhua District

为了阐明小地区范围内野生大豆种群的遗传分化情况，应用随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）方法，对浙江金华地区５个一年生野生大豆（Ｇｌｙｃｉｎｅ ｓｏｊａ）种群，进行了分子生态学研究．用根据ＲＡＰＤ 数据计算得到的Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ 指数估计了５个野生大豆种群的遗传多样性，发现大部分的遗传变异存在于野生大豆种群间（７８．５％ ），只有少部分的遗传变异存在于种群内（２１．５％ ）．又利用Ｎｅｉ指数统计了ＲＡＰＤ数据，也证实了大部分遗传变异存在于种群间．并且计算得到的种群每代迁移数目Ｎｍ 为０．１８１，远小于１，说明种群间的基因流很小．另外聚类分析也发现，种群间遗传距离与地理距离之间无明显相关性．根据以上研究结果．我们认为小地区范围内野生大豆种群的遗传分化情况符合其自交植物的特点。

Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis was applied to five subpopulations of wild soybeans(Glycine soja)) within Jinhua, Zhejiang province. Estimated by Shannon phenotype diversity index from RAPD data, it was found that 78.5% of the molecular variation existed among the populations while 21.5% of which within population. Cluster analysis based on the genetic distance generated from the RAPD data showed there was no obvious correlation between gnetic distance and geographic distance. The study implied that the variation of wild soybean was determined by the random genetic drift in small area.