深圳冬季小气候区温湿及舒适度特征

The Characteristics of the Temperature,Humidity and Discomfort Index of Different Microclimate Zones on Typical Clear Winter Days with Cold Air Influence in Shenzhen

应用各小气候区有代表性的自动站观测资料,对气温、相对湿度、不适指数等进行统计分析,研究对比深圳城市、海洋、丘陵、山地4个小气候区特征,对深圳地区开展精细化分区天气预报有重要意义。结果表明:在冷空气过程中,各小气候区气温、相对湿度、不适指数变化规律既有相似性,又存在明显差异,尤其是海陆差异显著。海洋气温最高,且明显高于陆地;城市第二,丘陵第三,山地第四。相对湿度海洋最大,山地第二,城市和丘陵基本相当,湿度最小。各小气候区的舒适度,海洋最舒适,城市第二舒适,丘陵是第三舒适,山地最不舒适。另外,海洋各要素没有明显的日变化,过程变化也明显小于陆地。

The characteristics of temperature,humidity and discomfort index of urban,marine,mountain and hill microclimate zones in Shenzhen on typical clear winter days with cold air influence were analyzed.It is important that developing intensive forecast in shenzhen.The results show that：on days with cold air influence the characteristics of the temperature,relative humidity and discomfort index of the four microclimate zones are different and similar.In particular the difference of land and marine microclimate zones are obviously.The temperature of the marine microclimate zone is the highest,and those of the urban,hills,mountain microclimate zones are from the second to the fourth.The relative humidity of the marine microclimate zone is the largest,the mountain the second,the urban and the hills＇ are the smallest.The marine microclimate zone is always the most comfortable,the urban microclimate zone is the second,the hills microclimate zone is the third,the mountain microclimate zone is the most uncomfortable.In addition,the marine diurnal variation of the temperature,the relative humidity and discomfort index are little.The marine variation during days with cold air influence are much less than the land.