医院感染现患率调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infection prevalence

目的了解医院感染现况,为科学防控医院感染提供依据。方法按照卫生部《医院感染诊断标准》,采用横断面调查方法,床旁调查和查阅病历相结合,对调查日处于医院感染状态的病例进行统计分析。结果实际调查病例985例,实查率98.70%,发现医院感染53例,感染率5.38%,57例次感染,例次感染率5.79%;感染部位前3位依次是下呼吸道(37.93%)、上呼吸道(18.97%)、手术部位(13.79%);调查日使用抗菌药物的有516例,使用率为52.39%,治疗用药病原菌送检率54.05%;检出医院感染病原菌30株,其中革兰阴性菌16株(53.33%),革兰阳性菌4株(13.33%)、真菌10株(33.33%)。结论应关注重点科室的下呼吸道感染,合理使用抗菌药物。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections（NIs）,and to provide basis for control and prevention of NIs.Methods According to the Ministry of Health＇s ＂Nosocomial infection diagnostic criteria＂,using the cross-section survey method,by means of bed-side examination and medical records checking,to investigate cases of hospital infection with statistical analysis.Results A total of 985 patients were surveyed and the actual investigated rate was 98.70%.There were 53 patients and 57 cases were detected with the personal and case infection rate was 5.38% and 5.79% respectively.The top three NIs parts were lower respiratory tract infection（37.93%）,upper respiratory tract infection（18.97%）and surgical site infection（13.79%）.516 patients（52.39%） used antibacterial agents at the survey day,the rate of the samples submitted was 54.05%.30 strains of pathogens were isolated,in which were 16 strains of Gram-negative bacilli（53.33%）,4 strains of Gram-positive bacilli（13.33%）,10 strains of fungi（33.33%）.Conclusion The hospital should be focusing on the lower respiratory tract infection of important department and advocate rational use of antibacterial agent.