状态监测振动传感器优化布置理论及应用

Theory and application of sensor placement in condition monitoring

提出了一种旋转机械的轴向及径向振动传感器布置方法.利用有限元分析方法对单跨转子系统和引入不同联轴节的多跨系统进行谐响应分析,在同一激振力下,比较靠近轴承及远离轴承处的振动测点水平方向振动响应结果,以及引入不同联轴节的多跨转子系统的两跨间响应的变化.结果表明:当需要在靠近轴承座的地方选择振动测点时,为了提高振动测点的灵敏度,传感器应优先布置水平方向,远离轴承位置测点,水平和垂直方向选择差异性不大;由于刚性联轴节能有效传递两跨的振动状态,因此只需单跨布置测点,挠性联轴节有较好的隔振作用,需要分跨进行测点布置.实例验证结果表明,按照该方案布置的传感器实测结果与理论分析结果一致.

A new vibration sensor placement method for the rotating machinery in direction of axial and radial is presented.The resonance respond is analyzed by using finite element analysis for the single span rotator system and multi-span system inducting different shaft coupling.The respond results of the horizontal vibration of the stations near and far from the bearing of the single span system are compared under same exciting force,while the respond variation between the double span of the multi-span is inducted.The results are as follows： when survey points are required near the bearing block sensor should be placed preferably along the horizontal direction in order to improve the sensitivity.There is not much difference in the horizontal and vertical direction when survey points are far from the bearing block.The survey points only need to be placed in single span because of the favorable vibration transmission capability of the solid coupling,on the contrary,the survey points should be placed in double span owing to the better vibration isolation of the flexible coupling.The test verifies the consistency between the actual measurement through this sensor location method and the theoretical analysis results.