农村社区自然灾害应急演练方法的初步研究——以四川省广元市马口村自然灾害应急演练为例

A Preliminary Study on the Method of Emergency Response Drill of Natural Disaster in Rural Area——A Case Study of the Emergency Response Drill ofMakou Village in Guangyuan,Sichuan

通过对2009年11月12日在四川省广元市三堆镇马口村举行的自然灾害应急演练进行初步的分析研究,总结出了从前期准备、正式实施到演练评估的农村社区自然灾害应急演练基本流程和方法。在马口村自然灾害应急演练的前期准备阶段,根据当地实际情况选择了滑坡、泥石流为演练的自然灾害背景,制定了3级响应演练模式,并细化了各级响应的启动标准。在演练的正式实施阶段,采用了参与式的演练方案设计方法,充分调动了当地群众的积极性。演练结束后在现场发放调查问卷,对演练进行了多方面、多角度的评估,演练基本达到了预定目标。

The emergency response drill of natural disaster in Makou village on November 12th,2009 was taken as the research objects and the basic flow of such emergency response drills from preparation to practice and evaluation were obtained.In the stage of preparation of Macou emergency response drill,the grade 3 response drill mode was formulated and the start standard of each grade was specified according to the fact of Macou village.In the stage of practice,participation was emphasized in writing the drill scenario.Therefore the positivity of local people was greatly mobilized.After the drill,questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the effect of the drill from various aspects.The emergency response drill has basically reached the supposed goal.