灾害监测无人机技术应用与研究

Application Research on Aviation Remote Sensing UAV for Disaster Monitoring

以汶川8.0级地震灾害中民政部门使用无人机采集数据、评估灾情、监测灾后恢复重建进展情况为例,总结灾害监测无人机技术在灾害救助过程中的积极作用,归纳其技术范围,分析其应用方法以及在地震灾害监测评估中的突出应用,指出其技术应用优势和不足。最后,从该技术发展现状、应用程度和减灾救灾应用需求角度出发,指出灾害监测无人机技术在灾害预警监测、快速评估、恢复重建等方面广泛应用前景,并提出建立与完善重大自然灾害应急无人机监测体系。

Taking an example of Aviation Remote Sensing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle（ARS-UAV） applied for data collecting,assessment and monitoring of post-disaster rehabilitation by Ministry of Civil Affairs for the ＂M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake＂,the paper firstly summarizes the role,advantages and disadvantages of ARS-UAV for disaster rescue and restoration.Then,the prospect of ARS-UAV are discussed in the area of disaster management,especially in hazard monitoring,loss rapid assessment and victims relocation based on its technical features and disaster management demand.Finally,the monitoring system of using ARA-UAV ia proposed to be established and improved for large-scale disaster risk management.