东汉至宋代汉语相似比类形比句句式研究

A Probe into the Chinese Forms of Adjective Comparative Sentences Concerning Similarity Comparison from Eastern Han to Song Dynasty

形比句是比较句的一个类别,指谓语是形容词及形容词性成分的比较句。从调查的语料来看,东汉至宋这一阶段,相似比类形比句句式的肯定形式主要有九种类型:X与YA、X如YA、X似YA、X似Y样A、XA如Y、XA若Y、XA似Y、XA如似Y、X比YA,否定形式主要有两种类型:X不与YA、X与Y不A,否定形式的用量要远远小于肯定形式。肯定形式中,XA如Y型句式的用量和使用比例最大,其他几种多见于唐宋时期。

As one type of comparative sentences, adjective comparative sentences refer to those sentences whose predicates areadjectives or the like. Corpus analysis shows that there have existed nine corresponding sub - types from Eastern Hart to Song Dynasty： X and YA, X is like YA, X is similar to YA, X is like Y -type of A, XA is like Y, XA is the same as Y, XA is similar to Y, XA is just like Y, X is comparative to YA. There are two major types of negation： X is unlike YA, X and Y are not A, though with a much smaller occurrence rate. In positive forms, ＂ XA is the same as Y＂ has both the highest overall occurrence rate and proportion, while the rest are mainly used in Tang Dynasty.