通信英语合成词的构成及翻译

Word Formation and Translation of Compounds in Telecommunications English

以通信专业文献为例,分析了通信英语合成词的构词特点。从形式上看,通信英语合成词分为连字符型、无连字符型、短语型和复杂合成词型等;从词类上看,分为名词性、形容词性和动词性合成词等。通过例词具体阐述了通信英语合成词的若干翻译技巧,包括正序法、调序法、增译法、省译法、保留原文法、转希腊字母法、意译法、音意兼译法和缩写法等;同时,阐述了专业性,简洁性,考虑语境、词性和韵律等翻译原则,力求达到术语精确翻译产生的效果。对通信英语合成词的构词法越熟悉,对通信技术越熟悉,翻译时就会越准确,所译术语正式定名时被采用的可能性就越大。当然,随着技术的进步,以后还会出现更多、更新的通信英语合成词,期待同行提出相应的翻译技巧。

Based on professional documents of telecommunications, it attempts to analyze the word-formation processes of compounds in telecommunications English. In terms of written form, compounds in telecommunica tions English can be classified into hyphenated, non-hyphenated, phrasal and complex compounds while in terms of word class, they can be classified into nominal, adjectival and verbal compounds. Then, with typical examples it proposes a number of translation skills for such compounds, including normal order, adjusted order, anaplifica tion, omission, original-keeping, conversion to Greek letters, free translation, sound meaning inlegration, and abbreviation. Finally, it proposes such translation principles as being professional and concise, and taking con text, word class and prosody into consideration, with an aim to have a precise translation of terminology. It is pointed out that the more familiar with the word formation processes of compounds in telecommunications English and with the telecommunications technology, the more precise the translation and more possible that the translated items are adopted as formal versions. Of course, along with the progress of technology, there will appear more and newer compounds in telecommunications English in the future. Colleagues are expected to propose corre sponding translation skills.