四川省公众应对突发公共卫生事件知识与技能影响因素分析

Study on influencing factors of public health emergency knowledge and skills in Sichuan Province

目的分析四川省公众突发公共卫生事件知识与技能影响因素,为制定有效的干预策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取四川省18岁以上符合条件的居民2000人进行问卷调查。结果女性对食物中毒应对知识知晓率显著高于男性(P<0.01),男性知晓放射性事故的比例显著高于女性(P<0.01),其他知晓率无性别差异。高年龄组(≥60岁和50～59岁)对各项知识知晓率都较低,30～39岁年龄组知晓率最高。文化程度越高,知识知晓率越高。农村居民麻疹预防知识答对率显著高于城市居民,其他知识知晓率城市居民显著高于农村居民。结论影响四川省公众应对突发公共卫生事件知识与技能最主要的因素是文化程度和城乡差别。今后应加强对农村居民的宣传教育,并采用通俗易懂的方式在低文化程度人群中普及应对突发公共卫生事件的知识与技能。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of public health emergency knowledge and skills in Sichuan province,and to provide basis for making effective intervention measures.Methods A survey was conducted among 2000 residents over 18 years old with cluster multi-stages sampling method.Results The awareness rate of food poisoning in females was significantly higher than that of male（P0.01）.The awareness rate of radioactive accident in males was significantly higher than that of female（P0.01）.There was no difference among awareness rate of other knowledge.The awareness rate of knowledge was generally lower among over 60 age group and 50-59 age groups.The awareness rate of knowledge was highest among 30-39 age groups.The awareness rate was higher with a higher educational level.The awareness rate of measles of rural residents was higher than that of urban resident,however the awareness rate of other knowledge of urban residents was significantly higher than that of rural residents.Conclusion The main influencing factors of public health emergency knowledge and skills among the public in Sichuan province are level of education and the difference between urban and rural areas.Health education of rural residents should be strengthened.At the same time,knowledge and skills about public health emergency should be popularized among people with low level of education.