山东省青岛市部分餐饮业从业人员控烟状况研究

Study on situation of tobacco control in food service in Qingdao,Shandong Province

目的了解青岛市餐饮业控烟状况及工作人员对控烟的认知与态度,为加强公共场所及工作场所吸烟干预措施制定提供依据。方法在青岛市随机抽取16家酒店餐馆作为干预组进行控烟相关干预,20家作为对照组,对487名工作人员进行问卷调查,并对酒店餐馆进行现场观察。结果现场观察发现干预组禁烟标志多于对照组(P<0.05),餐饮单位内吸烟率和监督员劝阻情况两组比较无统计学差异,观察吸烟场所:干预组中有39.6%的人在吸烟区吸烟,高于对照组(16.7%),有统计学差异(P<0.05)。从业人员控烟态度方面:在遵守吸烟规定方面干预组(26.7%)高于对照组(14.2%);过去7个工作日单位内被动吸烟没有、1～2天、3～4天和5～7天干预组分别为33.8%、13.0%、5.4%和15.7%,均低于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);烟草对人体的危害方面,除被动吸烟可导致心脏病两组有统计学差异外(P<0.05),其余指标均无统计学差异。结论采取综合性控烟策略后餐饮业公共场所控烟状况得到改善,需要持续开展健康教育,加强制度建设,推进餐饮业公共场所控烟工作。

Objective To investigate and analyze the status of tobacco control on food services in Qingdao as well as attitude and knowledge of stuff,and to provide basis for further intervention for tobacco control in public and workplace.Methods In Qingdao 16 hotels or restaurants as the interventional group and 20 as control group were selected randomly,The questionnaire was carried out to 487 staff,and the hotel or restaurant were observed.Results There were more signs for smoking control in the interventional group than those in control group（P0.05）.The smoking rate and dissuade rate of supervisors were no significant differences in two groups.39.6% smokers smoked in smoking areas in the interventional group,which was higher than those in the control group（16.7%,P0.05）.The rate of the tobacco control attitude of employees was higher in the interventional group（26.7%） than that in the control group（14.2%）.The rate of secondhand smoke of 1-2 days,3-4 days and 5-7 days in the intervention group were 33.8%,13.0%,5.4% and 15.7% respectively,which were lower than those of the control group respectively（P 0.05）.The two groups had significant differences in passive smoking leading to heart diseases（P0.05）,and the rest aspects were no significant difference.Conclusion It is the necessary to strengthen the health education,adopt comprehensive tobacco control interventional strategies,and establish local tobacco control legislation.