改善小学生肥胖相关危险因素的干预研究

Study on the intervention on improving the risk factors of obesity in elementary students

目的改善小学生肥胖相关指标并摸索科学的干预方法。方法在天津市选取3所小学,其中2所为干预校;1所为对照校。在干预校中开展为期1年的增加体力活动及营养干预并观察干预效果。结果干预后干预校学生饮食结构更加合理、体力活动时间明显增加,以及与肥胖相关的知识认知正确率有所提高;正常体重学生比例比自身干预前明显上升(干预前23.9%,干预后36.6%;P<0.05),而轻度(干预前43.9%,干预后39.0%)、重度肥胖(干预前17.9%,干预后12.5%)比例明显下降(P<0.05);收缩压、舒张压、腰臀比(WHR)、空腹血糖、甘油三酯和胰岛素明显低于对照校(P<0.05);血中低密度脂蛋白(干预前2.72 mmol/L,干预后1.88 mmol/L)明显下降而高密度脂蛋白(干预前1.61 mmol/L,干预后1.66 mmol/L)明显升高(P<0.05)。结论在学校中采用增加体力活动及营养的行为干预方法改善小学生肥胖相关指标是有效和可行的。

Objective To improve the related indices of obesity among pupils and explore the scientific intervention methods.Methods Three elementary schools in Tianjin were selected,two were intervention schools and one was control school.＂ TAKE 10!＂ interventions were done in intervention schools for one year and the intervention results were observed.Results The diet pattern was improved,physical activity time and awareness of obesity acknowledge increased;The proportion of students with normal body weight in intervention schools increased obviously（before 23.9%,after 36.6%）（P0.05）,that of the slighter（before 43.9%,after 39.0%） and severe obesity（before 17.9%,after 12.5%）（P0.05）;the systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,WHR,fast blood glucose,triglyceride,insulin in intervention schools were obviously lower than those of control school after intervention（P0.05）;LDL（before 2.72 mmol/L,after 1.88 mmol/L） has decreased but HDL（before 1.61 mmol/L,after 1.66 mmol/L;P0.05）.ConclusionIt is effective and feasible to improve the related indices of obesity with ＂ TAKE 10!＂ interventions on pupils.