贵州农村室内空气污染预防控制健康教育效果评价

Evaluation on effectiveness of health education of indoor air pollution prevention and control

目的提高项目地区人群对室内空气污染危害的认识,改变不健康行为,减轻室内空气污染。方法选择贵州省贵定县燃煤地区为研究现场。以室内空气污染预防控制为核心信息,以农村社区和小学为干预对象,进行干预。选择其中154户居民和288名小学生以问卷调查形式评价干预效果。结果成年人中认为室内空气污染能够危害健康的人群由48.1%上升到94.8%。烟囱出屋率由38.1%上升到78.9%,使用煤火烘干辣椒的家庭由70.1%下降到9.6%。小学生室内空气污染来源知晓率由7.8%上升到94.8%,室内空气污染控制方法知晓率由66.5%上升到95.8%。结论本次干预效果明显,室内空气污染预防控制知识知晓率有明显提高,煤火烘烤辣椒等行为也有一定改变。

Objective To enhance understanding knowledge of indoor air pollution,and change unhealthy behavior to reduce pollution.Methods The coal-burning districts in Guizhou province was selected.Rural communities and primary schools were selected as intervention subjects.154 residents and 288 pupils were selected to evaluate the effect of intervention by questionnaire survey.Results The ratio of adults who believed IAP did harm to health increased from 48.1% to 94.8%.The ratio of chimneys out of rooms increased from 38.1% to 78.9%.The ratio of households in which chili was dried by coal decreased from 70.1% to 9.6%.The pupils who knew sources of IAP increase from 7.6% to 94.8%.The pupils who knew the methods of control IAP increased from 66.5% to 95.8%.Conclusion The effect of health education was significant in this project.The knowledge of prevention and control of IAP had been improved and unhealthy behaviors,such as drying chili by coal smoke change.