农村贫困阶层发生分化的影响因素分析——基于对苏北某县部分贫困户的调查

The Influencing Factors on the Differentiation of the Rural Impoverished Households——Based on an Investigation in a Northern County of Jiangsu

通过分析农村贫困户的家庭资源禀赋,发现承包耕地面积、户主年龄、劳动力数、户主是否重残与是否接受培训、是否能外出打工等因素相比户主的性别、文化层次、是否有劳动能力和家庭人口数等因素在脱贫上起主要作用,而政府的帮扶措施对贫困户脱贫及职业分化起着重要作用。贫困户职业分化的趋势是:年轻且文化程度高的男性更倾向外出务工;承包耕地面积较多且经过技能培训的农民更可能从事高效农业;年老且劳动力较少的贫困户成员更可能分化成依靠低保、五保领取救济金的贫困者。

By analyzing family resources of rural poor households and comparing such factors in a household as the area of arable land contracted,the age of the householder,the number of laborers,whether the householder is seriously disabled,whether he/she has received training,whether he/she can flow out as a migrant worker,the study has found that the factors such as the householder＇s gender,literate level,laboring capability and the number of the family members play the leading role in poverty relief,while government policies and measures play important roles in poverty eradicating and occupational differentiating.The occupational differentiation takes on the feature that men at lower age and with higher educational level are more likely to prefer to work in cities;those who have contracted more land and received more training are more likely to undertake efficient agriculture;those old and inferior in labor capability are more likely to become the impoverished only relying on subsistence allowances subsidies,supporting dole.