卢梭的公民教育观及现实启示

On Rousseau's Viewpoint of the Citizens'Education and Elicitation

卢梭的公民教育观在其道德共同体的政治构想中占据重要位置。卢梭认为,培养公民对国家的整体道德认同感是关乎共同体成败的关键,这一诉诸人类心灵的工程有赖于道德教育。卢梭将"公意"的形成作为国家整体人格构建的前提和基础,通过赋予人民心灵以民族的形式培养公民的爱国情怀,公民宗教在一定程度上将公民对神的崇拜与对国家的崇拜结合在一起,起到法律等政治体制无法替代的政治作用。卢梭的公民教育观对于我国当前的德育工作具有重要的启示作用。

Rousseau＇s viewpoint about the citizens＇ education plays an important role in his design of moral community.In Rousseau＇s opinion,the citizen＇s moral identification to a nation is crucial to the moral community and this project concerning human mind depends on the moral education.The general will is the foundation,which educates the citizens＇ patriotism by endowing the citizens＇ spirit;the citizens＇religion can combine their adoration to Gods with adoration to Nation,which plays a political role that cannot be replaced by laws and political systems.Rousseau＇s viewpoint about the citizens＇education will give much suggestion for our moral education today.