人体坐姿与坐椅界面间之生物力学分析

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF BODY POSTURE AND SEATING INTERFACE

坐压一直都是复健和医学工程关心的主要课题之一。许多人因工作或生病需要长时间坐在椅子上。而造成不适，甚至于使得臀部受伤或产生压疮。为了解决上述问题及提供有效数据，本研究乃设计－临床评估仪器，用来评估压力分布情形，最后能建议适当的姿势与座垫；此系统包括可调式座椅－－可适合不同身高体型特性的个体；量测界面压刀系统及量测臀部轮廓系统。实验结果发现，脊椎受伤者的平均坐压大于正常人，且坐压随椅座角度与椅座靠背的夹角加大，压力也随之减小，而角度的改变对脊椎受伤者的影响较大。因此可了解到脊椎损伤者，确实容易产生较大压刀，因此有较大可能性得到压疮；因此须搭配适合椅背角度与靠背角度，使界面压力的减小，以达到避免压疮的产生。

Seating pressure sore is always one of main problem for rehabilitation engineering and biomedicalengineering. Many people need to stay much time in the chair owing to work and sick, resulting inuncomfortable and pressure sore. For relieving pressure sore and providing the information used inclinical diagnosis, in this research, a clinical instrument is designed to assess pressure distributionand at last suggest the proper posture and cushion. The evaluation system include the adjustedposition system-adjusting character of variable body, interface pressure system and buttock contoursystem.From the result of experiment, one can see that the max. pressure in the spinal cord injury isgreater than that in the normal people and as the seat angle and seat to back angle increase,themax. pressure decrease. one can understand spinal cord injury easily get the pressure sore thannormal people do. We use the appropriate seat and seat to back angle to reduce the interfacepressure to prevent the pressure sore.