基于损伤函数的钢轨滚动接触疲劳研究

Research on Rail Rolling Contact Fatigue Based on the Damage Function

对不同类型的钢轨滚动接触疲劳损伤函数进行分析。采用基于磨耗数的损伤函数对钢轨滚动接触疲劳损伤系数进行测算,得到疲劳损伤在实际线路轨面上的分布和特征,并比较与不同转向架结构形式相关的钢轨疲劳损伤特征。研究结果表明:车辆在速度和轴重增加的情况下均会加剧钢轨的疲劳损伤;疲劳损伤曲线存在一个拐点,超过拐点后由于钢轨磨损加剧而使损伤减小;在半径小于600 m的曲线上采用轮缘润滑措施会使外侧钢轨的疲劳损伤系数急剧增大,严重影响列车行车安全,故对轮缘润滑要慎用,并应与钢轨打磨配合使用。

Along with the development of high-speed and heavy-haul railways,rail rolling contact fatigue damages affect the safety of railway operation obviously.The damage function of rolling contact fatigue was analyzed,the damage map of the rail face was plotted by statistics of the damage indexes by example of the domestic lines and vehicles,and the fatigue damages from different bogies were compared.The research results show as follows： Rail fatigue damages increase with the increasing of the velocity and axle load of the vehicle;wearing of rails intensifies beyond the inflection point on the fatigue damage curve and this reduces the magnitude of damaging;flange lubricating measures taken on a sharp curve with a radius less than 600 m bring about steep rise of the fatigue damage coefficient of the outer rail and so influence train operation safety seriously;flange lubricating should be made of cautious use and when it is turned to,rail grinding is required in match.