UNGASS指标在防艾人员宣传教育中的应用研究及相关暴露危险因子风险评估

The Study on Application of UNGASS Indicators in Publice Education of Medical Staff of AIDS Prevention and Risk Assessment of Exposure Risk Factors

目的在HIV全球基金项目试验区开展宣传教育干预措施,检验UNGASS相关指标在防艾专业人员中的有效性和可信性,并对HIV/AIDS职业暴露风险进行评估。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取项目试验区城关、乡镇和农村三个区域26家医疗单位的防艾人员作为干预对象,通过2～3个月的综合宣传教育干预,对干预前后干预对象及干预单位进行UNGASS指标的评估,同时对干预对象进行暴露危险风险问卷调查,对近3年来不同的暴露因子进行回顾性研究。结果总干预对象350人次,问卷回收率为100%,干预前后干预对象UNGASS5项指标答对率分别为66%和94.29%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=87.98,P<0.05);干预前后干预单位UNGASS5项指标答对率为38.46%和88.46%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.02,P<0.05);2007-2009年间共发生不同等级的暴露10次;各级医疗机构防艾人员存在着不同程度与不同类型的职业暴露。结论预防HIV宣传教育在专业技术人员中还应进一步加强,UNGASS评估指标在我国应用之前可结合项目所在地的实际情况进行适当调整。

Objective To identify the validity and creditability of the UNGASS indicators and evaluate the HIV/AIDS correlated risk factors in the medical staff after global fund carryed out the AIDS health education in test areas. Methods Medical staff of AIDS prevention from twenty-six medical therapy units in country,town and village were selected as intervention obijects by stratified random sampling. The UNGASS indicators were evaluates after carring out 2～3 months＇ education intervention.Exposure risk survey was carried out for retrospective study of different exposure foctors in recent three years. Results A total of 350 people were surveyed in our study and the collection rate was 100%. The correct rate of five UNGASS factors was 66% before our intervention and 94.3%after the intervention, the results has a statistical significance（χ2=87.98,P0.05）.The correst rate of medical units of all five UNGASS factors were 38.5% and 88.5% before and after intervention,and has a statistical significance（χ2=14.02,P0.05）,staff in medical mstitutions at all levels faced vary HIV occupational exposure through 2007 to 2009. Conclusions The propaganda and education of HIV prevetion in medical staff should be strengthened further,and the UNGASS indicators might be adjusted according to the actuality of different areas before application.