管窥1861改革后地主的农民份地变动规律——以黑土中心区6省为例

A restricted view on the variable rule of farmers' share of land that belongs to landowners after the reformation——A case study of the six provinces at the central black soil area

以黑土中心区6省为例,分析了1861年废除农奴制度改革引起隶属于地主的农民份地变动的规律。地主剥削农民的形式、地主的经济实力状况、自然土壤条件等要素影响了地主的割地和补地行为;农民选择接受赠予份地是受地主提供给农民的份地接近份地的最低标准和农民的民族成分制约;大地主是赠予份地的提供者,目的是空出土地,以便土地在市场上自由流转。

Taking the six provinces at the central black soil area as a case, this article analyzes the variable nile of farmers＇ share of land that belongs to landowners before the reformation of abolishing serfdom in 1861. Landowners＇ action of cutting and compensatory lands was influenced by the form that landowners exploited farmers, the status of the landowner economy, the natural condition of soil, etc. Farmers chose to accept the limitations that the given share of land was close to the lowest standard landowners provided to them and farmers＇ ethnic composition. Big landowners were the providers of share of land, their aim was to extricate the land so as to make it free circulation in the market.