复方中草药饲喂时间对凡纳滨对虾消化和免疫酶活性的影响

Effects of feeding time of dietary Chinese herbs on digestive and immune enzymes of litopennaus vannamei

配制4组饲料,饲料中复方中草药的添加量分别为0%(对照组)、0.1%、0.2%和0.4%,每组3个重复,连续投喂凡纳滨对虾21 d,每7 d采样检测肝脏和肠道消化酶及血清免疫酶活性的变化。实验结果表明,实验组消化酶活性基本都高于对照组,随着时间的变化呈波动趋势,0.4%组的肝蛋白酶和肠蛋白酶第7 d时最高(P<0.05);肝淀粉酶指标出现逐渐下降的趋势,而肠淀粉酶呈逐渐上升的趋势,0.2%组的肠淀粉酶活性在第7 d显著增高(P<0.05)。0.2%组的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)在第14 d最高(P<0.05);过氧化物酶(POD)指标变化不明显。因此,阶段性投喂中草药对凡纳滨对虾消化酶和免疫酶有一定的促进作用,能提高对虾的消化和免疫能力。

A 3-week experiment was conducted to assess the effect of dietary Chinese herbs on digestive and immune enzyme of litopennaus vannamei at 0, 7, 14 and 21-day, respectively. Chinese herbs were supplemented to a basal diet at four levels of 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%, respectively. The diets were fed to litopennaus vannamei for 21 days. The results showed that the digestive enzymes of shrimp in the tested groups （diets contained Chinese herbs at the levels of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%） were higher than that of shrimp in the control group （diet contained Chinese herbs at the level of 0%）. The liver protease in- creased at the first week, then declined with time lasting; however, the intestinal protease declined during the 3-week feeding trial. The liver amylase was decreased and intestinal amylase was increased gradually with time lasting. The digestive enzymes of litopennaus vannamei were fluctuated with time lasting. SOD increased first, and then declined as time lasting. In conclusion, periodic feeding the dietary Chinese herbs could enhance the＇digestive enzymes and the immunity of litopenaeus vannamei.