白腐菌及黑曲霉对玉米秸秆生物降解的研究

Study on biodegradation of corn straw by Phanerochaete chysosporium and Aspergillus niger

利用白腐菌5.776和黑曲霉3.3148对玉米秸秆木质纤维素进行降解,以提高反刍动物对玉米秸秆的消化利用。先对白腐菌和黑曲霉降解玉米秸秆木质纤维素的能力进行了研究,在此基础上,采用正交试验,探索白腐菌和黑曲霉混合后对玉米秸秆的降解效果。结果表明,接种比例、黑曲霉接入时间,接种比例与黑曲霉接入时间的交互作用以及发酵时间对混菌发酵降解玉米秸秆都有显著影响(P<0.05)。最佳方案为:白腐菌液体菌种和黑曲霉孢子悬浮液的接种比例为5:1,白腐菌接种2 d后再接入黑曲霉孢子悬浮液,发酵10 d,所得产物中性洗涤纤维的含量为52.07%,真蛋白为7.89%,干物质损失率为18.75%。

In order to improve the efficiency of corn straws in the breeding of ruminant animals,lignoceluulose of corn straws was degradated by Phanerochaete chysosporium 5.776 and Aspergillus niger 3.3148.The degradating capacity of Phanerochaete chysosporium and Aspergillus niger to lignoceluulose of corn straws were studied respectively.On the basis,the degradating effects of corn straws are discussed by using orthogonal test.The results showed that the proportion of inoculation,time of inoculating Aspergillus niger,interaction of inoculation and inoculating time of Aspergillus niger,and mixed fermentation time had significant effects of the degradating of corn straws（P0.05）.The best fermentation program was the inoculation proportion of Phanerochaete chysosporium 5.776 and Aspergillus niger 3.3148 was 1：5,Aspergillus niger spore suspension was inoculated after inoculated Phanerochaete chysosporium 5.776 for two day,and the fermenting period was 10 days.The product of fermented corn straws contains neutral detergent fibre 52.07 %,true protein 7.89 % and dry matter loss was 18.75 %.