千金子不同提取物对小鼠的毒性及药效学的初步研究

Study on the potency and toxicity of different extracts from Euphorbia lathyris in mice

目的考察千金子不同提取物的急性毒性作用,初步阐明其有毒物质。方法分别测定小鼠口服不同提取物的半数致死量,同时观察药物对便秘小鼠的通便作用。结果小鼠口服千金子乙酸乙酯、石油醚、水提取物的LD50分别为160.23、>90.8、>912.0 g.kg-1;口服千金子挥发油的最大耐受量为266.8 g.kg-1;乙酸乙酯、石油醚以及水提取物所引起的毒性反应相似;小鼠口服2.0 g.kg-1千金子甾醇无明显急性毒性反应。千金子石油醚提取物对便秘小鼠具有明显的通便作用。结论千金子的毒性物质可能为同一或同类物质,而这类毒性物质在不同极性的溶媒中均存在,只是在脂溶性溶媒中的含量较大。致泻作用既是千金子的药效作用,也是其部分毒性作用的表现,因此,临床应用中应控制剂量。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potency and acute toxicity of different extracts from Euphorbia lathyris L.in mice.METHODS Mice were separately administered by different extracts of Euphorbia lathyris L.The LD50 were determined.RESULTS The results showed that the LD50 of the ethyl acetate extract from Euphorbia lathyris L.was 160.23 g·kg-1.While that of the petroleum ether extract was higher than 90.8 g·kg-1 and the aqueous extract was higher than 912.0 g·kg-1.The maximum tolerated dose of volatile oil from Euphorbia lathyris L.for mice was 266.8 g·kg-1.The toxic reaction by 3 kinds of different exact were similar ： spontaneous activity decreased,watery stools,urinary incontinence and twitching,etc..Euphorbia factor L1 extracted from Euphorbia Lathyris L.have no obvious acute toxicity in mice（2.0 g·kg-1）.The different concentration（40.9,51.2,64.80 g·kg-1）of the petroleum ether extract of Euphorbia lathyris L.caused diarrhea in constipated mice.CONCLUSION The toxicity of Euphorbia lathyris L.may be induced by the same substance or similar substance.