考虑摩擦干扰的机非混合交通流元胞自动机仿真

Simulation of Mixed Traffic Flow with Friction Interference Using Cellular Automata

自行车与机动车混行是我国道路上最常见的交通流形式,而元胞自动机(CA)是研究交通流的有力工具。实际观察表明,与高、低速机动车混合交通流不同,自行车流对机动车流的影响形式主要是摩擦干扰而非阻滞干扰。鉴于此提出了一种考虑摩擦干扰的自行车-机动车混合交通流元胞自动机模型,自行车与机动车分道行驶,但当自行车距离机动车道很近时将给机动车带来侧向安全压力从而引起机动车的减速。通过仿真试验,发现摩擦干扰使得机动车流量-密度曲线更加平滑,并且随着自行车密度增大,中、低密度车流的流量有显著降低,而高密度车流的流量没有明显变化,通过与实测数据的对比,证明该模型能够反映真实混合交通流的关键特性。

Bicycles have significant impact on motor vehicles＇ behavior on urban road in China.Empirical research shows that the major influence of bicycles is not block interference as that in the mixed flow with high and low speed cars,but friction interference.Thus a new CA model for mixed traffic in consideration of friction interference was proposed.Cars and bicycles move in separate lane,but cars have to slow down as a reaction to ensure safety if there are some bicycles in front of them which run very close to the car lane.Simulation results show that the high-density car flow has the same characteristics with that without influence of bicycles,while low and middle-density car flow are significant different.Comparison with empirical data proves that the model is able to reproduce the critical phenomenon encountered in real mixed traffic flow.