10种披碱草属植物的RAPD分析及其系统学意义

Phylogenetic relationships among ten Elymus species based on random amplified polymorphic DNA

利用随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ） 技术分析了１０ 种披碱草属植物，即：Ｅｌｙｍｕｓｓｉｂｉｒｉｃｕｓ Ｌ．， Ｅ．ｃａｎｉｎｕｓ（Ｌ．） Ｌ．， Ｅ．ｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔｕｓ （Ｓｃｒｉｂｎｅｒ ｅｔ Ｓｍｉｔｈ） Ｇｏｕｌｄ ， Ｅ． ｎｕｔａｎｓ Ｇｒｉｓｅｂ ， Ｅ． ｄａｈｕｒｉｃｕｓ Ｔｕｒｃｚ．，Ｅ． ｔａｎｇｕｔｏｒｕｍ （Ｎｅｖｓｋｉ） Ｈａｎｄ ．Ｍａｚｚ．， Ｅ． ｂｒａｃｈｙａｒｉｓｔａｔｕｓ ＡＬｖｅ， Ｅ．ｓｕｂｍｕｔｉｃｕｓ（Ｋｅｎｇ） Ｋｅｎｇｆ．， Ｅ．ｃｙｌｉｄｒｉｃｕｓ （Ｆｒａｎｃｈ） Ｈｏｎｄａ 和Ｅ． ｅｘｃｅｌｓｕｓ Ｔｕｒｃｚ．。对３４ 个ＯＰＲＯＮ 公司十聚体随机引物进行多态性筛选，２５ 个（７５ ．５３ ％ ） 能产生多态性。１６ 个引物产生的１３６ 个ＤＮＡ 片断，用于计算种间Ｎｅｉ 氏遗传相似性系数分析，在ＮＴＳＹＳ程序中利用ＵＰＧＭＡ 构建系统发育树状图。分析结果表明：（１） 四倍体和六倍体物种各自聚为一支，它们之间的亲缘关系较远；（２） Ｅ． ｓｉｂｉｒｉｃｕｓ 和Ｅ． ｃａｎｉｎｕｓ 亲缘关系较近，支持把Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ ｃａｎｉｎｕｓ （Ｌ．） Ｎｅｖｓｋｉ 归入Ｅｌｙｍｕｓ；（３） Ｅ．

Ten species of Elymus (Poaceae: Triticeae) were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) markers. Thirty four decamer oligonucleotide random primers from Opron Technologies were used for polymorphic selection. 25 (73.53%) produced polymorphic products. A total of 136 bands amplified from 16 primers were selected for RAPD analyses. The data were used to generate Nei's similarity coefficients and to construct a dendrogram using UPGMA in NTSYS programs. The result showed that: (1) Three tetraploid species, E. sibiricus L., E. caninus (L.) L. and E. lanceolatus (Scribner et Smith) Gould, were clustered in one group, while seven hexaploid species, E. nutans Griseb., E. dahuricusTurcz., E. brachyaristatus A Lve, E. submuticus (Keng) Keng f., E. tangutorum (Nevski) Hand. Mazz., E. excelsus Turcz. and E. cylindricus (Franch) Honda, were clustered in another group. The relationship between the tetraploid and the hexaploid species was remote; (2) E. caninus was closely related to E. sibiricus. This result supported that Roegneria canina (L.) Nevski was treated as Elymus caninus; (3) E. nutans was closely related to E. dahuricus; (4) E. brachyaristatus and E. submuticus were morphologically similar and sympatric in distribution, but there were certain differences between them in the nucleotide sequences. Both of them were related to E. nutans and E. duhuricus; (5) E. excelsus was closely related to E. cylindricus, and they were clustered with E. tangutorum; (6) RAPD results are basically comparable with those obtained from studies on morphology and cytology. It is a useful supplementary method for assessing the genetic relationships among Elymus species.