中国真缓步纲三新种及六新纪录种记述(近爪目:大生熊虫科,高生熊虫科)

THREE NEW SPECIES AND SIX NEW RECORDS OF THE CLASS EUTARDIGRADA (TARDIGRADA)FROM CHINA (PARACHELA :MACROBIOTIDAE :HYPSIBIIDAE)

记述了大生熊虫科大生熊虫属Ｍａｃｒｏｂｉｏｔｕｓ一新种和三新纪录种，即神农大生熊虫，新种Ｍ．ｓｈｅｎｎｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．桃形大生熊虫Ｍ．ｐｅｒｓｉｍｕｌｉｓ Ｂｉｎｄａ ＆ Ｐｉｌａｔｏ，１９７２，卷形大生熊虫Ｍ．ｒｏｌｌｅｉ Ｈｅｉｎｉｓ，１９２１，陆栖大生熊虫Ｍ．ｔｅｒｒｉｃｏｌａ Ｍｉｈｅｌｃｉｃ，１９４９以及趾生熊虫属一新种，即水生趾生熊虫，即长白等高熊虫，Ｉｓ。

OurknowledgeoftheclassEutardigrada (Tardigrada)fromChinawasrathermeager .Thestudiesonlyinclude :Rahm ,G .(1 93 6,1 93 7) ,Mathews,G .B .(1 93 7) ,Bartos,E .(1 963 ) , Pilato ,G .(1 974) ,Ito ,M .(1 990 ) .Untilnow ,noChinesehaspublishedanypaperdealingwiththisclass.During 1 993 1 995,thewriterhasgottenandstudiedsomespecimensofthisclassfromnorthtosouthofChinaandfoundthreenewspeciesandsixnewrecords.Thespecimensare depositedintheInstituteofHydrobiology ,theChineseofAcademyofSciences.Anentirelistofthespeciesincludingsomenotesaregivenbelow . EutardigradaMarcus ,1 92 7 ParachelaSchuster ,1 980 MacrobiotidaeThulin ,1 92 8 MacrobiotusSchultze ,1 83 4 Macrobiotusshennongensissp .nov . (Fig .1 ) HolotypeandoneparatypewerefoundinthesurfacesoilofShennongForest (3 1°7′N ,1 1 0°7′E) ,HubeiProvince.Inrespectofsuckingpharynxandplacoids,thespecimensresembleMac robiotusadelgesDastych ,1 977fromPoland ,butdifferfromitinhavingtwodoubleclawsofeachlegandlunulae.Bodylength 3 0 0 3 2 0 μm,ovoid .Suckingpharynxcontainstwopairsofmacroplacoidsandonepairofmicroplacoidsstriped .Thesecondpairarethreequartersofthefirstpairandthethirdpairareahalfofthesecondpairinsize.Twodoubleclawsofeachlegofsimilarsizeandshape ;lunulaeandcuticularbarspresent;clawsnotconnected ;clawssequence2 ,1 ,1 ,2 . MacrobiotuspersimilisBinda&Pilato ,1 972 (Fig .2 ) FourspecimenswerefoundinthesurfacesoilofXiaolongmen ,Beijing .Bodylength 40 0 50 0 μm.Suckingpharynxcontains 6linesof 1 8stripedmacroplacoidsand 4roundmicropla coids.Withsmoothlunulaeandwithoutcuticularbar.Theeggsurfaceiscoveredwithprocessesofcupuliformpattern . MacrobiotusrolleiHeinis ,1 92 1 (Fig .3 ) TenspecimenswerefoundinthesurfacesoilofXiaolongmen ,Beijing .Bodylength 1 60 2 0 0 μm.Thebodysurfaceiscoveredwithseverallinesofrollingprocesses.Suckingpharynxcontainsthreepairsofmacroplacoids.Theclawlunulaeandcuticularbarpresent. MacrobiotusterricolaMihelˇciˇc ,1 949 (Fig .4) FivespecimenswerefoundinthesurfacesoilofChangbaishan (JilinProvince) ,Xiaolong men (Beijing)andJianfengling (HainanIsland) .Bodylength 3 0 0 60 0 μm.Suckingpharynxcontainsthreepairsofovoidmacroplacoidsandonepairoftriangularmicroplacoids .Theeggsurfaceiscoveredwithprocessesofbullulepattern . DactylobiotusSchuster ,etal.,1 980 Dactylobiotusaquatilissp .nov . (Fig .5) Holotypeandthreeparatypeswerefoundinthemossesbesideaspring ,JinanCity (3 6°7′N ,1 1 7°E) ,ShandongProvince .Sofarasthewriterknows,sevenspeciesofthegenusDactylobiotushavebeendescribed .Thepeculiardoubleclawswithoutlunulesandconnectingtooneanotherbe tweentheirbaseswoulddistinguishthisgenusfromMacrobiotus.Thepresentspeciesdiffersfromalloftheknownspeciesinrespectofninemacroplacoids.Bodylength 50 0 80 0 μm.Thebodycu ticleisdividedintonumerousscaleparts.Suckingpharynxcontains 2roundapophysesand 3 linesof 9ovoidmacroplacoids.Clawssequence 2 ,1 ,1 ,2 . HypsibiidaePilato ,1 969IsohypsibiusThulin ,1 92 8Isohypsibiuschangbaiensissp .nov . (Fig .6) HolotypeandfourparatypeswerefoundinthesurfacesoilofChangbaishan (4 2°1′N ,1 2 8°E) (JilinProvince) .SixspecimenswerefoundinthesurfacesoilofXiaolongmen ,Beijing .Sofarasthewriterknows,84speciesofthegenusIsohypsibiushavebeendescribed .Inrespectofsuckingpharynxandplacoids,thespecimensresembleIsohypsibiusmarcellinoi (Binda&Pilato ,1 971 )fromSicilia (Italy) ,butdifferfromitintwodoubleclawsofeachleg .Bodylength 3 50 450 μm;eyesabsent;bodysurfacedistributedfullyroundmarks.Suckingpharynxcontainsatriangularapophysesand 3linesof 6stripedmacroplacoids.Clawssequence 2 ,1 ,2 ,1 ;lunulaeabsent;eachclawwithonecuticularbar;twodoubleclawsofeachlegofdifferentsizeandshape. Isohypsibiusstenostomus (Richters ,1 90 8) (Fig .7) SixspecimenswerefoundinthesurfacesoilofXiaolongmen ,Beijing .Bodylength 40 0 50 0 μm,ovoidswelling .Thebodysurfaceisdistributedfullybulbusmarksandstripes.Suckingpharynxcontains 2linesof 6stripedmacroplacoids.Eachclawwithtwocuticularbars . Isohypsibiustuberculatus (Plate ,1 888) (Fig .8) FivespecimenswerefoundinthesurfacesoilofJianfengling ,HainanIslandandinthemossesbesideaspring ,