卡尔·波普尔的反乌托邦思想批判

Critique on Karl Popper’s Anti-utopian Thought

进入20世纪以后,反乌托邦思想得到了极大的发展,卡尔.波普尔对乌托邦思想的批判尤其激烈。他认为:乌托邦工程的哲学基础和立足点是站不住脚的"本质主义",它蕴涵着通往极权主义的危险因素。卡尔·波普尔对乌托邦思想的批判存在诸多问题,他对乌托邦思想也存在一些误会。事实上,卡尔·波普尔仅仅是对极权主义进行批判而已,它并不能构成人们去反对乌托邦的充分理由。甚至,在他的思想里,依然存有着浓厚的乌托邦色彩。

The anti-utopian thought has gained great achievement since the 20th century. Karl Popper＇s critique on utopian thought was one of the most typical critiques. Karl Popper thought that the philosophical foundation and standpoint of utopian engineering was the untenable essentialism, which contained risky factors that might guide the society to totalitarianism. But there were many wrongs with Karl Popper＇s critiques on utopian thought. At the same time, he even had some misunderstandings on utopian thought. In fact, Karl Popper＇s critiques are only the critiques on totalitarianism. His critiques could not become sufficient cause for people to argue against utopia. On the contrary, there are quite a number of utopian elements existed in Karl Popper＇ thoughts