注意缺陷多动障碍儿童冲突监测功能的事件相关电位研究

The conflict monitoring of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder：an event-related potentials study

目的 比较注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与正常儿童冲突监测的事件相关电位（ERP）差异,探讨ADHD冲突监测的认知神经机制.方法 选择ADHD及正常儿童各32名,采用空间Simon-Stroop任务,对ADHD与正常儿童行为学及ERP进行结果 比较.结果 1.行为学：①正确率在Simon和Stroop不一致条件下,ADHD组[分别为（0.80±0.11）分,（0.87±0.08）分]明显低于正常对照组[分别为（0.88±0.07）分,（0.93±0.04）分,P＜0.01].②反应时在Simon不一致条件下,ADHD组[（773.03±99.34）ms]明显长于正常对照组[（737.21±81.40）ms,P＜0.05].2.ERP：N2波幅在Simon不一致条件下,ADHD组[（-3.68±3.56）μV]明显低于正常对照组[（-5.53±2.81）μV,P＜0.05].潜伏期均差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.3.溯源分析：在Simon不一致条件下,ADHD组前额叶,前扣带回等脑区激活低于正常对照组.结论 ADHD的注意资源分配不足会导致冲突监测的能力下降,其可能神经机制是ADHD的冲突信息加工相关脑区功能存在缺陷.提示行为学及ERP-N2波幅可作为ADHD的早期诊断及疗效评估的一个客观指标.

Objective To compare the event-related potential（ERP） difference waveforms between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） children and normal children in the conflict task,and to investigate the neural mechanism of conflict monitoring of ADHD. Methods ERPs elicited by performing the spatial SimonStroop task were recorded in 32 children with ADHD and 32 normal children. The differences of ERP and behavior dren with ADHD（0.80±0. 11 ,0.87 ±0.08） were less than normal children （0.88 ±0.07,0.93 ±0. 04）in Sireaction time of ADHD group（ （773.03 ±99.34）ms） in the Siin were longer than the control group（ （737.21 ±81.40）ms） ,the differences had statistic significance （P〈0. 05）. 2. ERP results：the amplitude of N2 of the children with ADHD in the four conditions were smaller than the control group, the difference in Siin had statistic sigof prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex of ADHD were weaker than the control group. Conclusions The results suggest that, due to the inadequate allocation of attention resources of the children with ADHD, they have conflict monitoring function defects compare with normal children. The function defects of conflict information processing related brain areas may be the main neural mechanism. The result of the behavior and ERP can become the reference indicator for the early diagnosis and treatment of ADHD.