三级战备状态对官兵心理和部分生化指标的影响及干预效果

Effects of comprehensive psychological intervention on psychological and biochemical indexes of servicemen in three degree combat readiness

目的探讨三级战备状态对官兵心理、部分生化指标的影响及心理行为干预的效果。方法以进入三级战备状态的某摩步营189名官兵为研究对象，以班为单位随机分为研究组和对照组。战备期间2组进行统-的军事训练和思想政治教育，研究组增加心理行为干预。在进入三级战备状态当天（战备前）和结束次日（战备后），2组分别进行抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）评定，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、皮质醇（COR）和醛固酮（ALD）含量测定。结果研究组战备后SDS总分（42．1±9．3）分、SAS总分（43．8±7．2）分、MDA（2．6±0．51）timol／L、COR（252．5±52．4）ng／ml、ALD（97．5±24．4）pg／ml低于对照组，积极应对（21．2±6．4）分和SOD（1551±354）U／gHb高于对照组（均P〈0．01或0．05）。对照组战备后SDS总分（49．2±10．3）分、SAS总分（50．6±10．2）分、MDA（2．9±0．35）limol／L、COR（333．8±62．6）ng／ml、ALD（123．8±29．6）pg／ml高于战备前，积极应对（18．2±5．4）分和SOD（1302±352）U／gHb低于战备前（均P〈0．01）。SDS、SAS总分与SOD显著负相关（r=-0．142、-0．119，P〈0．01或0．05），与COR、ALD显著正相关（r=0．156，0．151，0．159，0．156，P〈0．01或0．05）；SCSQ的积极应对分与SOD显著正相关（r=0．141，P〈0．01），与COR和ALD显著负相关（r=-0．152，-0．155，P〈0．01）。结论三级战备状态下官兵产生了明显的心身应激反应，心理行为干预可有效改善应激反应水平。

Objective To investigate the effects of comprehensive psychological intervention on psychological and biochemical indexes of servicemen in three degree combat readiness. Methods 189 servicemen in three degree combat readiness were randomly divided into the study group and the control group by squad. Beyond the same exercise and education as the control group, the study group received the comprehensive psychological intervention in the course. They were all assessed with Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） ,self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） , and simplified coping style questionnaire （SCSQ） at the day entering three degree combat readiness （prereadiness） and the next day after the mission （post-readiness）. The serum concentrations of superoxide dismutase （SOD） ,malondialdehyde （MDA） ,cortisol （COR） ,and aldostelvne （ALD） were determined to evaluate biochem- ical indexes at the same time. Results Compared with the control group after the combat readiness, the total scores of SDS（ （42.1 ±9.3） vs （49.2±10.3） ）and SAS（（43.8 ±7.2） vs （50.6 ± 10.2）, P〈0.01） were lower,the score of the positive coping style （ （ 21.2± 6.4 ） vs（ 18.2 ±5.4 ）, P〈 0.05 ） was higher in the study group. Meanwhile, the levels of MDA （ （ 2.6 ± 0.51 ） μmol/L ）, COR （ （ 252.5 ± 52.4 ） ng/ml ）, and ALD （ （ 97.5± 24.4 ） pg/ml） were lower （ P 〈 0.01 ）, the activity of SOD （ （ 1551 ±354 ） U/glib ） was higher （ P 〈 0.01 ） after the combat readiness. In the control group post-readiness,the total scores of SDS （49.2 ± 10.3） and SAS （50.6 ± 10.2 ）, the levels of MDA （ （2.9± 0.35 ） μmoi/L）, COR （ （333.8 ± 62.6） ng/ml）, and ALD （ （ 123.8 ± 29.6） pg/ml） increased significantly （ P〈0.01 ） ,the score of the positive coping style （18.2 ±5.4） and the activity of SOD （ 1302 ± 352） U/glib decreased significantly （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The total scores of SDS, SAS were negatively related to the level of SOD （ r = - 0. 142, - 0.119, P 〈 0.01 or 0.05 ）, and positively related to COR （ r = 0. 156, 0. 159, P〈0. 01 ） and ALD （ r=0. 151,0. 156, P〈0.01 ）. The score of positive coping style was positively related to the level of SOD （ r=0. 141, P〈0.01 ） ,and negatively related to COR and ALD （ r= -0. 152, -0. 155, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Comprehensive psychological intervention could effectively improve the psychological and biochemical indexes, reduce the stress level of servicemen in three degree combat readiness.