喀斯特洞穴书法景观的分类统计与洞穴旅游发展——以广西桂林市为例

CLASSIFIED STATISTIC IN CALLIGRAPHIC LANDSCAPE OF KARST CAVES AND DEVELOPMENT OF CAVE TOURISM ——A Case Study of Guilin in Guangxi Province

书法景观是近期人文地理中出现的新的研究领域,以洞穴石刻为主体的洞穴书法景观的研究目前尚非常缺乏。本文通过对桂林市域1659个历史石刻的分类统计,首先梳理了洞穴石刻,同时结合洞穴石刻总数分析评价了旅游洞穴的吸引度。其次,划分了石刻的形式类型和内容类型,进而归纳为6大类旅游相关类型—亦即景点建设、粗放旅游、深层体验、群体旅游、景点历史、民俗,并进行了洞穴石刻相应的分类统计,分析了不同朝代洞穴旅游的兴衰状况和结构变化特征。

This paper classifies 1659 historical stone sculptures in Guilin and examines the development of cave tourism of Guilin.Firstly,after summing up all the stone sculptures,the attraction degree of show caves is evaluated.Secondly,the contents of stone sculptures are categorized into 6 types,including spot construction,extensive tour,mass tourism,history of spot and folk custom.The characteristics of cave tourism in different dynasties are revealed and analyzed.The sums of stone sculptures in caves in different sight spots reflect the traveling appeal of each spot in history.In Guilin,9 sight spots（Hidden Dragon Cave,Seven-star Cave,Nanxi Hill etc.） obtain about 50 stone sculptures in caves.The sum and the distribution of stone sculptures in Tang,Song,Yuan,Ming as well as The Republic of China can generally describe the tourist behavior features in ancient tourism.The sum of stone sculptures is chosen as the indicator of tourism and the sum of stone sculptures in caves is chosen as the indicator of cave tourism.By comparing the distributions of the two indicators in different dynasties,the authors find that ancient tourist behavior has characteristics of extensive tourism.And after contrasting the distributions of stone sculptures and stone sculptures in caves,they find that extensive tourism in cave tourism shows a higher proportion than it in other types of tourism.The result shows that Tang Dynasty is the first peak in ancient tourism in Guilin.After that,cave tourism in Song Dynasty experiences a significant period when both scenery construction and group tourism reach general maturity and high prosperity.From the Perspectives of tourist experience,tourism at that time reflects rudiment of mass tourism.The summit of scenery construction appears in Ming Dynasty.Meanwhile,based on tourist experience,the cave tourism has recorded a rising trend of progress since Song Dynasty.