跨海大桥建设的主要技术现状与面临的挑战

Current Principal Technique Status and Challenges to be Confronted in Construction of Sea-Crossing Bridges

在总结我国近年在跨海大桥建设中所取得的技术成果的基础上分析今后所面临的技术问题,包括:对确保混凝土结构耐久性的关键技术的系统研究;对结合风场实测开展的颤振和涡振研究及振动控制研究的进一步深入;除常规抗震分析外,还需考虑桥梁基础结构-海水波流-软覆盖层的动力耦合效应,以确保其有足够的抗震能力;研发诸如钢箱梁吊装的船舶动力定位系统等关键设备和施工技术;研发高强、轻质的缆索材料;进一步研发能实现全面和精细化分析复杂桥梁结构的大型软件。

On the basis of summarization of the technical achievements having been made in the construction of sea-crossing bridges in China in the recent years, the author herewith analyzes the technical challenges to be confronted in the construction of the bridges in the days to come, including those of the systematic research of the key techniques that can ensure the durability of concrete structures, the further deep-going research of the fluttering, vortex-induced vibration and vibration control based on the wind field measurements, the consideration of the dynamic coupling effect among foundation structure, sea current flow and soft soil overburden in addition to the regular seismic resistance analysis so that the sufficient seismic resistance capacity of a foundation structure can be ensured, the development of the critical equipment and construction techniques of ship dynamic positioning system for hoisting and installation of steel box girder blocks, the development of the high strength and lightweight cable materials as well as the further development of the large-scale software that can implement all-round and refined analysis of complex bridge structures.