乌鲁木齐市公众结核病防治知识知晓情况调查及其影响因素研究

Investigation on Public Knowledge Awareness of Tuberculosis Control and Research of Its Influence Factors in Urumqi City

目的通过了解乌鲁木齐市公众对结核病防治知识知晓情况及其影响因素的研究,为有效地开展公众结核病防治知识宣传和健康促进工作提供理论依据。方法通过多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取天山区2个街道办事处的6个社区,将在调查地居住超过6个月、年龄在12～65岁的常住公众作为调查对象进行询问式问卷调查。结果本次共调查1 200人,均为有效问卷;公众对结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为55.58%,核心信息全部知晓率为2.92%,3条主要核心信息全部知晓率为12.66%,2条主要核心信息全部知晓率为16.33%;结核病防治的单项知识知晓率差距较大;影响结核病防治3条主要核心信息知识知晓率的单因素分析结果显示,性别、年龄、婚姻、职业和医保形式等5个因素对结核病知晓率有一定的影响;经多因素Logistic方程分析,性别、年龄和职业对3条结核病核心知识知晓率有影响,其中男性、低年龄组和无业人员的知晓率分别较女性、高年龄组和其他职业低。结论公众对结核病防治知识知晓率没有达到国家规划目标,应针对不同人群的不同需求,采取不同的措施来提高结核病知识知晓率。

Objective To research public awareness of knowledge of tuberculosis control and its influence factors in Urumqi,to provide theoretical basis for effectively developing knowledge popularization of tuberculosis control and health promotion.Methods Multilevel stratified random sampling was taken to select six communities of two subdistrict offices in Tianshan District.Inquiry questionnaires was carried out in people living time over six-month and aged from 12 to 65 years old.Results There were 1 200 eligible people in the study.Total awareness rate of kernel information of tuberculosis control was 55.58%,with whole awareness rate of the kernel information of 2.92%,and awareness rate of the two-and three-key-information of 12.66% and 16.33%,respectively.The single knowledge awareness rate was much different.Single factor analysis showed that sex,age,marriage,occupation and medical insurance affected the three-key-information awareness rate.Out of that,awareness rate was lower in the male,low age group and jobless than in the female,older group and other occupations.Conclusions The public knowledge awareness rate of tuberculosis control hasn＇t reached the national programming goal.Various measures should be taken to improve the awareness rate aiming at different people.