新中国救灾工作社会化的历史考察

A Historical Review of Socialization of Disaster Relief in New China

救灾工作社会化是在以政府为主导的救灾体制下,拓宽救灾门路的有效方法,它能够最大限度的弥补政府救灾遗留的问题,优化救灾效果。1949年来,中国救灾工作的社会化走过了一条曲折的发展道路,逐步形成了以政府为主导、个人和民间组织积极参与的救灾格局,但民间组织参与救灾的机制尚不完善,发挥作用的渠道比较单一,仅以动员社会捐赠为主,仍存在发掘的空间。

Socialization of disaster relief is an effective approach to tapping more relief resources under the government-led disaster relief system for it is able to best solve the problems left over by the government relief work and optimize the results.China has traversed a tortuous path in socialization of disaster relief work since 1949 and has gradually developed a disaster relief pattern with the government playing the leading role and individuals and non-governmental organizations taking an active part.However,the mechanism to get non-governmental organizations involved in disaster relief needs to be improved.At present there are not many avenues for them to play their role and their work is limited basically to mobilizing the various social sectors to make donations,leaving a lot of latent potentialities to be brought out.