玉米转基因技术研究及其应用

The Maize Genetic Transformation Technology,Current Status and Applications

随着植物转基因技术的深入发展,大豆、玉米、油菜和棉花等转基因作物大面积商品化生产为全球的粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。玉米是全球第一大粮食作物,自1986年以来玉米的转基因技术发展较快,其主要的遗传转化方法包括农杆菌介导法、基因枪法和花粉管通道法等,农艺性状改良涉及抗除草剂、抗虫、抗病、抗旱、抗盐和品质改良等,其中抗除草剂和抗虫玉米已成为主要的商业化转基因作物。本文综述了玉米转基因技术的研究进展及应用,展望了玉米转基因研究的发展方向。

With the rapid development of plant genetic transformation technology,the growth of genetically modified cultivars of soybean,maize,oilseed rape and cotton have made tremendous contributions to global food security.As one of the major crops,significant progress has been made in maize genetic transformation technology since 1986.Up to date,the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation,the particle bombardment and the pollen-tube pathway have been the major ways for maize transformation and applied to improve agronomic important traits such as herbicide,insect and disease resistance,drought and salt stress and quality,with the herbicide tolerance and insect resistance transgenic maize have been commercialized globally.In this review,the current status of maize genetic transformation technology and its application were summarized and future perspectives were proposed.