生物学年龄与运动员生长发育鉴定

Biological Age and Discrimination of Growing Development in Athletes

运动员生长发育鉴定在运动员科学选材中十分重要,而生物学年龄的鉴定又是运动员生长发育鉴定的关键。本文综合文献与选材工作经验,详细介绍了几种常用的生物学年龄:骨龄与第二性征是目前运动员生长发育鉴定中常用的方法;牙龄在运动员选材中应用较少,主要受技术和方法等条件的限制,需进一步探索,增加应用的可行性;端粒DNA长度、线粒体DNA损伤和DNA甲基化水平等分子生物学方法推断年龄是比较新的方法,在运动员科学选材领域尚未得到验证与应用。最后本文展望了运动员生长发育鉴定中生物学年龄发展的前景。

The discrimination of growing development is very important in scientific identification of athletic talent and biological age is the key in the discrimination of growing development.This paper integrates references and working experience of identification of athletic talent and describes several conventional biological age in detail： Skeletal age and secondary sexual characteristics are main methods;Dental age is seldom applicated in athletic identification for the limit of technique and method,which is needed to be further explored to increase the feasibility of the application.The length of telomere DNA and the damage of mitochondrial DNA and the level of DNA methylation are newer molecular biological methods which can speculate the age,but they have not been verified and applicated in the fields of scientific identification of athletic talent.Finally this paper prospected the development of biological age in the discrimination of growing development in athletes.