禽流感油乳剂灭活疫苗的研究

Development of Inactivated Oil-Emulsion Vaccines Against Avian Influenza

将6种不同亚型的禽流感病毒（AIVH2N9、H3N8、H5N1、H5N2、H7N1、H9N2）分别接种鸡胚，收获尿囊液，经甲醛灭活，以矿物油为佐剂制成油乳剂灭活疫苗。疫苗接种4和8周龄SPF鸡，注苗后均无不良反应。每种亚型疫苗免疫后14天和21天攻毒保护率均达90％-100％。分别用H5N1和H9N2亚型灭活疫苗免疫8周龄SPF鸡、25和28周龄健康商品蛋鸡，免疫后7天产生免疫力，14天保护率达100％，21天后抗体达高峰，仔鸡接苗后最高血凝抑制（HI）几何平均滴度（GMT）为7.3-8.0log2，蛋鸡为8.0-10.5log2。免疫后180天，抗体效价不低于6.5log2。免疫后180天分别以AIV攻击，H5亚型疫苗组，用强毒攻击无一发病和死亡，对照鸡全部发病死亡;H9亚型疫苗组，对照鸡在攻毒后72小时停产，免疫鸡无一发病且产蛋正常，对同源攻毒的保护率达100％。

In this research six different inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines were prepared using allantoic fluid from embryonated egg where inoculated with avian influenza virus(AIV) subtype H2N9, H3N8, H5N1, H5N2, H7N1 or H9N2. Those inactivated vaccines were safe and effective after vaccination of 4 or 8w specific pathogen free(SPF) chickens. Specific immunity was established within 7d postimmunization. The geometric mean titers(GMT) of hemagglutination-inhibition(HI)serum antibody Peaks at 21d post-immunization, and the HI antibodies titer in young chickens was between 7. 3 to 8. 0log2 and that in layers between 8. 0 to 10. 5 log2o The HI antibody GMT retained over 6 .5log2 for 180d.90% to 100% protection was commonly achieved by the vaccines against the challenge of identical subtype AIV, and hoting for over 6 months.