基于主成分分析法的土壤肥力评价

Evaluation on Soil Fertility Quality Based on Principal Component Analysis

[目的]为潢川县粮食生产及作物施肥技术提供依据。[方法]采用网格布点法取样322个进行化学分析,然后采用主成分分析法进行评价。[结果]全县土壤全氮含量为0.48~2.77 g/kg,全磷含量为0.15~0.86 g/kg,有机质含量为6.00~41.80 g/kg,速效磷含量为0.10~68.90 mg/kg,速效钾含量为21.10~255.90 mg/kg,缓效钾含量为15.40~1 539.70 mg/kg,pH值范围为4.93~7.95,阳离子交换量为0.40~31.20 cmol/kg;将土壤肥力分级,依次为：一等地占0.9%,二等地占5.3%,三等地占40.1%,四等地占49.4%,五等地占4.3%。[结论]中低产田合计占53.7%,需进一步采取改良措施。

[Objective] The objective was to provide the basis for the food production and crop fertilizer.[Method] 322 top soil samples were collected by using grid-sampling method.Soil fertility quality was evaluated by principal component analysis.[Result] The soil total nitrogen content,total phosphorus content,organic matter content,available phosphorus content,available potassium content,slowly available potassium content,pH value,cation-exchange capacity（eight indexes） were 0.48-2.77 g/kg,0.15-0.86 g/kg,6.00-41.80 g/kg,0.10-68.90 mg/kg,21.10-255.90 mg/kg,15.40-1 539.70 mg/kg,4.93-7.95,0.40-31.20 cmol/kg,respectively.Soil fertility ranked in order： first class soil,second class soil,third class soil,fourth class soil,fifth class soil accounted for 0.9%,5.3%,40.1%,49.4%,4.3%,respectively.[Conclusion] Middle-and-low-yield field which should be improved accounted for 53.7%.