高住高练低训对赛艇队运动员乳酸代谢能力的影响

The Affect of High-living High-training and Low-training on the Rowers' Lactic Acid Metabolism Capacity

目的：探讨高住高练低训的训练模式对乳酸代谢能力的影响。方法：将24名赛艇运动员随机分为实验组（n=12）和对照组（n=12）,实验组每晚20：00至次日晨6：30在低氧房内休息和睡眠（≥10h/day）,低氧条件设置为海拔2500m高度,对照组在常氧环境里居住。两组日常训练安排基本保持一致,试验组每周进行2次低氧训练,低氧条件设置为海拔2100m,采用测功仪10000m的训练方式,负荷为本人平原测功仪最大功率的65%强度,训练时间约为31-40min,血乳酸水平3-6mmol/L;低氧训练前及20天低氧训练结束后分别进行最大功率的2000M测功仪测验,比较高住低训前后的血乳酸水平。结果：高住高练低训结束后,运动员的血乳酸水平均低于高住高练低训前,但高住高练低训结束后,运动员专项运动成绩没有立即出现明显提高。结论：高住高练低训的训练方法降低了同等运动负荷时的血乳酸值,提高了身体血乳酸的代谢水平,增大了机体承受更大运动负荷的潜力;也有利于运动后的疲劳恢复。

Objective： To investigate the affect of training mode of high-living high-training and low-training on the lactic acid metabolism capacity.Methods： We divided 24 rowers randomly into experimental group（n=12） and control group（n=12）.The experimental group rest and slept in the hypoxic rooms（≥l0h/day） every night from 8：00p.m.to 6：30a.m.next morning,where the environment is set to 2500m altitude,while the control group lived in the normal oxygen environment.The daily training arrangements for the two groups remained the same,and the experimental group trained in hypoxia twice a week,with 2,100m altitude,with Dynamometer training methods of 10,000m,and the load is 65% of the maximal Plain Dynamometer training power,the training time being about 31-40 min,with the level of lactic acid remaining 3-6mmol/L.Then we did tests of Dynamometer of the 2,000m with the maximal power respectively before and after 20 days of hypoxic training,to compare the lactic acid capacity.Results： The lactic acid capacity of the athletes decreased after the high-living high-training and low-training than before,but the specific performance didn＇t increase apparently.Conclusion： The training method of high-living high-training and low-training decreased the value of the lactic acid with the same exercise load,enhanced the levels of lactic acid metabolism capacity,increased the potential ability to bear a greater exercise load;and also helped the fatigue recovery after exercise.