圆锯片几何参数的精密视觉测量

Precision visual measurement on geometry parameters of circular saw blade

分析了圆锯片的几何参数测量原理,开发了圆锯片几何参数测量软件。在图像处理的基础上,计算了圆锯片内圆孔直径、圆度误差、外圆直径、齿尖角、径向前角及径向后角。通过标准样件对被测零件进行标定。对圆锯片内圆孔提出了改进的二次多项式插值亚像素定位方法,提高了检测精度。对齿尖两段直线采用改进的最小二乘法进行拟合,拟合误差是常规最小二乘法的1/4。利用亚像素方法测量时,内圆孔直径为25.204 mm,圆度误差为0.005 mm,外圆直径为193.624 mm,齿尖角为59.999°±0.006 95°,径向前角为15.004°±0.010 4°,径向后角14.997°±0.013 7°。将待测的6个参数集成测量是该系统的特色,整个测量过程不足1 s,达到了高速、精密的测量要求。

Measurement principle of geometric parameters was analyzed,and the measurement software was developed.The inside and outside circle diameters and the roundness error,the crown angle and the radial rake,the radial direction clearance angle were calculated on the basis of image processing.The measured part was calibrated by using the standard part.A new sub-pixel location method was proposed by using the polynomial interpolation for the inner circle of the circular saw blade,and the detection precision was increased.The two straight lines of the tooth cusp were fitted by the improved least-square method.The fitting error was a quarter of ordinary fitting error.The diameters of the inside circle and the outside circle,the roundness error,the crown angle and the radial rake,the radial direction clearance angle were 25.204 mm,193.624 mm,0.005 mm,59.999°±0.006 95°,15.004°±0.010 4°,14.997°±0.013 7° respectively while adopting sub-pixel method.This system′s characteristic was the integration measurement of six parameters.The time of the whole measurement process was less than 1 s,meet the high speed and precise requirements.