一种环保型人工浮岛的制作方法及其对农业集水区中氮磷的净化效果

An Environment-friendly Floating Bed and Its Water Purification Efficiency of N and P on Farmland Catchments Areas

针对目前人工浮岛制作和应用过程中存在的问题(工艺复杂、成本高、产生二次污染、选材局限性等)以及农业集水区N、P污染严重的现状,采用稻秸秆、毛竹和煤渣等廉价或废弃物为原料,制作人工浮岛,并将其运用于农业集水区。结果表明,本人工浮岛制作成本低,工艺简单,无二次污染;当人工浮岛覆盖率为8%时,对水体N、P的净化率分别达到60.1%和54.9%;黑麦草是一种较为理想的冬季浮岛植物;煤渣是一种较为理想的浮岛植物培养基质。

In view of the current problems existing in the production and application of artificial floating islands,such as complex process,high cost,bringing secondary pollution,limited materials and as well as the fact of the serious nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the agricultural catchments areas,rice straw,bamboos,cinder and some other cheap or waste raw materials were used to make artificial floating islands for purifying the water in farmland catchments areas.The results showed that our artificial floating island owned the advantages of low cost,simple process and could avoid secondary pollution;when the coverage of artificial floating islands took 8% of total area of water,the purification rates of nitrogen and phosphorus were 60.1% and 54.9%,respectively;ryegrass was a more ideal floating-islands plant in winter;cinder was a more ideal matrix for plant cultivation.