磷酸一钙施用模式对水稻有效性及土壤中有效磷分布的影响

Effects of Monocalcium Phosphate Monohydrate Application Modes on Availability to Rice and Distribution of Available P in Soil

利用温室盆栽试验研究了磷酸一钙不同施用模式对水稻的有效性及土壤中有效磷(P)分布的影响,并提出了水田中P肥的施用模式。结果表明:P肥撒施时,表层水中总P浓度最高,达4.8mg/L,而其他施肥模式下表层水中总P浓度可满足GB3838-2002Ⅲ类水水质要求;混施可为水稻提供立体的吸收空间,有效性高;沟施时,肥料P主要集中在施肥带上下约3cm的范围内;在水田中,施用P肥时应优先考虑混施,若土壤中P素有效性相对较高,应尽量在旱作时施用。

Influences of monocalcium phosphate monohydrate applying modes on the availability to rice and the distribution of available P in soil were studied through pot cultivation in greenhouse,and based on the results the desired applying mode of phosphate fertilizer in rice field was recommended.The results showed that the concentration of total P in surface water was the highest under broadcasting phosphate fertilizer on the soil surface,reaching up to 4.8 mg/L,while under other applying modes,the concentrations could meet the standard of Ⅲ in GB3838-2002;mixed applying mode could provide solid uptake room and highly available P for rice;in furrow application mode,most of P applied accumulated in a short range of less than 3 cm upper and lower the application band;in rice field,mixed applying phosphate fertilizer was a preferential considered mode for phosphate application;however,if available P in soil was relatively high,phosphate fertilizer should be applied in dry season.