大学生自我同一性与父母教养方式的关系研究

Relationship Between Ego Identity Status and Parenting Styles in College Students

目的:探讨当前大学生自我同一性状况及其与父母教养方式的关系。方法:采用自我同一性状态问卷(EOM-EIS-2)和修订的父母教养方式问卷(PBI),对330名大学生进行测评。结果:①父亲与母亲的教养方式在子女性别上存在差异,女生在母亲关爱得分上显著高于男生,男生在母亲控制和父亲控制得分上显著高于女生。②母亲关爱、父亲关爱和母亲鼓励自主、父亲鼓励自主与子女的自我同一性获得有显著正相关,与同一性早闭、同一性扩散存在显著负相关;父亲控制、母亲控制与同一性早闭、同一性扩散存在显著正相关。结论:大学生的自我同一性状态与父母教养方式密切相关,父母的关爱、鼓励自主有利于子女同一性获得。

Objective：To explore the status of college students＇ ego-identity,parenting styles,and their relationships.Methods：A sample of 330 college students were administered the Extend Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status-2（EOM-EIS-2） and the Parental Bonding Instrument（PBI）.Results：①There were significant differences between male and female students in parenting styles,with the female students get higher score in Mother Care factor than male students,and male students get higher score in Mother and Father Control factors.②The parents care,parents encourage autonomy were significantly positively correlated to students＇ identity achievement,while negatively correlated to students＇ identity foreclosure and identity diffusion.The parents control were positively correlated to students＇ identity foreclosure and identity diffusion.Conclusion：Parenting styles played an important role to the development of college students＇ ego-identity,parents care and parents encourage autonomy had contributed to children＇s identity achievement.