心电图和心脏超声心动图对心尖肥厚型心肌病诊断价值的相关性分析

Diagnostic value of echocardiography and ultrasonic cardiogram in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

目的:回顾性分析心尖肥厚型心肌病(AHCM)患者心电图和超声心动图特点,了解两者的关联性,探讨两者在AHCM中的诊断价值。方法:对62例AHCM患者(AHCM组)与27名无器质性心脏病的健康体检者(健康对照组)的超声心动图和心电图资料进行回顾性分析,并对AHCM组患者的心电图和超声心动图进行相关性分析。结果:AHCM组患者心电图主要表现为胸前导联巨大倒置的T波伴ST段下移,左室高电压。超声心动图有不同程度的心尖部肥厚,心尖部心腔明显变小。心电图和超声心动图指标具有相关性:R波最大波幅与心尖心肌厚度、左室后壁厚度呈正相关,ST段压低深度与心尖部室壁厚度无相关性,与心尖心肌厚度呈负相关,T波倒置深度与心尖部厚度呈负相关。结论:心电图及超声心动图对诊断AHCM具有重要价值,心电图和超声心动图中的许多异常指标具有相关性,两者结合可提高本病诊断率。

Objective： To evaluate the diagnostic value of echocardiography（ECG） and ultrasonic cardiogram（UCG） in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy（AHCM） and the correlation between UCG and ECG.Methods： The data of UCG and ECG in 62 patients with AHCM（AHCM group） and 27 healthy controls（control group） were retrospectively analyzed.And the correlation between UCG and ECG in the patients with AHCM was evaluated.Results： All patients with AHCM had abnormal ECG,which predominantly appeared as giant negative T waves with lowering ST segments in the precordial ECG leads and high voltage of the left ventricles,And UCG showed hypertrophy of the cardiac apex and obvious shrink of the cardiac chambers.ECG and UCG had some correlation：for example maximum amplitude of R wave had positive correlation with the thickness of apical myocardial thickness and left ventricular posterior wall;ST depression depth had no correlation with the thickness of apical wall,but negative correlation with apical myocardial thickness,and T wave inversion depth had negative correlation with apical myocardial thickness.Conclusion： UCG and ECG played an important role in the diagnosis of AHCM.They had some correlations and their combination could elevate diagnostic rate of AHCM.