论我国普通高中教育的法律规制

On Legal Regulation of General High School Education in China

我国普通高中教育具有法律规制的必要性与可行性。在当前公共教育体制改革中,普通高中教育中的高中教育经费及条件保障、入学与收费、文理分科与学业评价、高中教师的身份与聘任、高中学生的受教育权与惩戒等都是亟待立法规范的重点问题。作为面向大众的基础教育,普通高中教育具有显著的公共性。必须以公共性作为普通高中教育立法的基本价值,以《教育法》为依据,制定专门的普通高中教育部门法。针对我国普通高中教育需要规范的重点问题,设计相互协调、统一规范的包括以政府投入为主的经费投入及保障制度、公平导向的高中招生制度、与素质教育及人的全面发展要求相适应的评价制度、分类管理的教师聘任合同制度、政府资助为主的普通高中学生资助制度、普通高中教育问责制度在内的法律制度体系。

It is necessary and feasible to establish legal regulation system in general high schools.In the process of the present reform of public education system,the main tasks of the legal regulation should be concerned with the issues of providing guarantees for education fund and teaching conditions,admissions and charges,Arts and Sciences division,academic evaluation,the identity and employment of high school teachers,the students'right to education,and the discipline.As a basic education available to the public,the general high school education has a nature of obvious publicity.Based on the basic value of publicity,the government should make a particular series of educational laws according to the Education Law.For the main tasks mentioned above,the government should establish a series of unified and standard legal systems coherent with each other,including the system of investment funds mainly financed by the government,the safeguard system,the public-oriented system of college entrance examination,the evaluation system adapted with the requirement of quality education and all-round development,the classified management system of teachers' employment,the subvention system for students mainly sponsored by the government,the system of accountability and so on.