当代技术哲学的代际嬗变、研究进路与整合化趋势

On Changing of Generations,Approaches and Integration of Philosophy of Technology

技术哲学尽管肇始于19世纪后期的德国,但真正勃兴却是在20世纪70年代的美国。进入21世纪,技术哲学已发展成为一个获得广泛关注的、兴旺繁荣的专业领域。如果依据人类代际的观点,技术哲学家可以区分为四代:第一代是技术哲学的创立者;第二代是技术的批判者,致力于对技术的人道化;第三代是所谓的经验转向的技术哲学家,他们的哲学反思建立在对现代技术的复杂性与丰富性的适当的经验描述上;而最新一代的技术哲学家正为技术哲学的发展带来一轮新浪潮。如果从横向的角度看,当代技术哲学是一个涉及广泛的哲学分支的哲学领域,而且因为各种哲学资源卷入到技术哲学领域,使得技术哲学在当代哲学的主题与方法的"异花授粉"中具有独特的作用,或许正在构建一个重新联结的世界哲学共同体。面对未来,以促进技术文明范式的重建与转换为指归,通过对各种研究进路的整合,技术哲学将最终建构出一个以规范性、批判性与描述性三大研究主题为核心内容的整合化的框架体系。

The field of philosophy of technology as a branch of professional philosophy is relatively recent. It is only some three decades old as a flourishing specialty. If we pose the issue in terms of human generations, a new generation of philosophers of technology are beginning to produce a new wave of thinking through, about and with technologies. Now, philosophy of technology has been approached through a variety of philosophical perspectives and ＂schools＂. By forcing the integration of branches of philosophy, philosophy of technology will play a central role in the cross-pollination of both subject fields and methods of contemporary philosophy leading to an integrated philosophy of technology.