高血压住院患者现状调查

The Investigation of In-hospital Hypertensive Patients

目的:分析高血压患者患病率特点及影响高血压达标率的因素。方法:收集611例住院的2、3级高血压患者一般情况及降压药物使用情况,治疗后血压达标(<140/90mmHg)时基线血压水平、体重指数、文化程度、月收入、药费来源、高血压知晓率、降压药应用情况及与高血压达标率的关系。结果:高血压患病率随年龄变化,<50岁男性高于女性;51～60岁两性相似;>60岁女性高于男性。高血压达标率随基线血压分级提高、体重指数增加有降低趋势,并随文化程度和高血压知晓率提高而提高,与月收入、药费来源等无关。受降压药物及联合方案影响,年轻高血压患者使用含β受体阻滞剂效果较好,老年高血压患者使用含钙离子拮抗剂达标率较高。结论:高血压患病率与年龄、性别相关。高血压达标率与基线血压水平、体重指数、文化程度及高血压知晓率相关,与月收入、药费来源等无关。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence characteristics of hypertension and the factors associated with the control rate of hypertension. Methods：A total of 611 essential hypertensive patients （grade 2,3） in hospital were included in this study, of which the general conditions and the utility of anti-hypertensive drugs were recorded. According to the general goal of anti-hypertension （lowering the blood pressure to below 140/90mmHg）, the relationships among blood pressure at baseline, body mass index, educational level, monthly earnings, the origin of charges for medicine, the known rate of hypertension, the utility of anti-hypertensive drugs and the control rate of hypertension were investigated. Results： The prevalence of hypertension was elevated as the age increased and was distinct in genders, that is, the prevalence of hypertension in male was higher than, similar as, and lower than that in female, in the age younger than 50 years, 51 to 60 years, and older than 60 years, respectively. There was a decrease trend on the control rate of hypertension as the blood pressure at baseline and the body mass index elevated, while the control rate of hypertension had a tendency to increase with the elevation of educational level and the known rate of hypertension. There was no relationship among the monthly earnings, the origin of charges for medicine and the control rate of hypertension. With the influence of different anti-hypertensive drugs and combination treatments, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists were more effective in younger hypertensive patients, however, there was greater effect of calcium channel blockers on older hypertensive patients.Conclusions：The prevalence of hypertension was positively correlated with age and there was difference in genders. The control rate of hypertension was associated with the blood pressure at baseline, the body mass index, the educational level and the known rate of hypertension. However, it was not linked to the monthly earnings and the origin of charges for medicine.