基于设计认知的草图研究综述

Review of sketch based on design cognition

为明确概念设计过程中设计师利用草图加工信息的特征,帮助深入理解设计创新的本质,从草图概念特征、草图认知、草图研究方法、计算机辅助草图设计技术4个方面进行了综述.总结了草图的基本概念和作用,分别指出思维、交流、存储3种类型草图的特征.在概括设计认知状态性演化进程的前提下,描述了设计师在读、写草图时认知活动的基本过程.在分析草图认知与设计创新之间关系的基础上,提出以设计师需求为导向的计算机辅助草图设计系统在人机交互符号系统以及全流程支持方面应具备的基本条件.从方法论角度对草图研究中的实验数据收集和加工进行回顾,介绍了计算机辅助草图设计技术在促进设计思维方面的进展.

The revien of study on sketch were summarized from four aspects：the concept and meaning of sketch,the sketch cognitive behavior,the research method on sketch and the computer aid sketch design technology,in order to specify the characteristics of designer＇s information processing with sketch tool during the concept design progress,and help to understand the essence of design innovation.The basic concepts and roles of sketch were reviewed,and the characteristics of three types sketch of thinking,communication and stored were explained individually.After the summary of the situated design cognition evolution,the characteristics of cognitive activities during writing and reading sketch were described.Based on analysis on the relationship between sketch cognition and design innovation,the basic requirements of human and computer interaction symbol definition and whole-process support of computer aid sketch design system mapping the need of designers were pointed out.The research date collection and processing on sketch experiments were summarized from the view of methodology.The tendency of the computer aid sketch design technology on promotion for design thinking was introduced and the research prospects in this area were put forward.