生长激素受体基因表达的研究进展

The Research Progress of Growth Hormone Receptor Gene Expression

生长激素(growth hormone,GH)在促进动物生长、发育等代谢过程中起着重要作用。长期以来人们在研究动物生长发育机制及其调控时,主要着眼于提高生长激素水平。然而GH必须与靶器官上生长激素受体(growth hormone receptor,GHR)结合,由GHR介导将信号传入细胞内才能发挥作用。大量研究结果显示,动物生长速度与GH水平并不完全平行,但与肝脏GHR呈明显正相关。生长快的肉鸡血液中GH和垂体GH mRNA水平比生长慢的蛋鸡低,而肝脏GHR水平比蛋鸡高;患侏儒症动物血液中GH浓度却比正常动物高,而GHR胞外部分缺失或功能不全。可见GHR基因表达对动物生长发育调控起着至关重要的作用。

Pituitary growth hormone（GH） has long been known as a major regulator of normal growth and metabolism.For a long time,we have been paid more attention in increasing the level of GH when we studies animal normal growth and metabolism.However,it does only work for GH in combining to its receptor（GHR） of target organs and transmitting the GH-dependent signals into the cells.Recently,a lot of studies show that the growth speed of animals does not completely parallel with the GH level exactly,and is distinctly positive correlation with GHR of liver.Level of GH and pituitary GH mRNA in the blood of growth speedy meat chicken is lower than that of growth slow egg chicken;while its GHR of liver is much higher.Concentration of the GH in blood of dwarfism animals is higher than that of normal animals,at the same time,the extracellular parts of their GHR are deficiency or have no normal functions.Hence,GHR gene expression plays a key role in regulating the normal growth and metabolism of animals.