长沙市湿地生态系统服务功能价值评估研究

Value Assessment of Ecosystem Service Functions of the Wetlands in Changsha

采用资源经济学和生态经济学的理论和方法,对长沙市湿地生态系统服务功能进行货币化评估,评估结果表明:长沙市湿地生态服务总价值为3.393×106万元,各项服务价值从大到小依次为:净化环境价值、物质生产价值、释放O2价值、固碳价值、调蓄洪水价值、休闲旅游价值、教育科研价值、栖息地价值、涵养水源价值。与1998年相比,2007年物质生产价值增加了4.9×104万元;而涵养水源价值降低了1000万元;休闲旅游和教育科研价值都降低了1.4×104万元;生物栖息价值降低了7000万元;净化环境功能降低了8.8×104万元。物质价值增加是因为生产力增强,水田面积增加,使得水稻产量增加。随着湖泊、河流和库塘湿地面积的减少,其他服务功能都有所降低。应科学合理、可持续地开发和利用长沙市现有的湿地资源。

Theories and methods of resources economics and ecological economics were used to assess the value of wetland ecosystem services in Changsha,the result showed that the total value of wetland ecosystem service in this city is RMB 33 930 million,the rank of the values of each of the services from high to low in turn is,environment purification,material provision,oxygen release,carbon fixation,flood control,tourism and recreation,education and research,biological habitat,water conservation.Comparing with the data in 1997,the value of material provision increased RMB 490 million,and the value of flood control decreased 10 RMB million,the value of tourism and recreation decreased RMB140 million,the value of education and research decreased RMB 140 million,the value of habitat provision decreased RMB 70 million,the value of environment purification decreased RMB 880 million.The increase of material provision was due to the increase of productivity,the expansion of paddy field led to yield increase.With reduction of areas of lakes,rivers and reservoirs,other service functions decrease somehow.It proposes that the wetland resources in Changsha should be explored and utilized scientifically and sustainably.