化工装置毒物泄漏后果评价体系的探讨

Study on the Assessment System of Toxic Release Consequence of Chemical Equipment

毒物泄漏的直接后果是造成人员中毒死亡,而对于未死亡的人员,毒物泄漏则间接作用于人的生理、心理等因素导致人员操作失误,进而使装置失效泄漏,产生二次事故即间接事故连锁效应。基于泄漏源模型、气云扩散模型、人员死亡概率模型及人因失误理论提出化工装置毒物泄漏后果评价体系,获得了间接事故连锁效应概率的求解方法,最后通过实例演示了该评价体系。

Toxic release makes persons poisoned and dead.However,indirect domino effect can be caused by equipment failure resulting from error of live persons whose physical and psychological factors are affected by the leakage.Assessment system of toxic release of chemical equipment is presented based on the models of leakage source,gas diffusion and death probit and human error theory,as well as solving method of indirect domino effect probability.Finally,an application is given to demonstrate this system.