某旋转药室火炮卡弹机构弹簧优化设计

Optimization Design for Cartridge Retaining Mechanism Springs of Gun with Rotating Chamber

为减小某旋转药室火炮卡弹机构卡弹爪、挡块与炮弹之间的接触力,延长其使用寿命,建立了炮弹进膛卡弹的运动微分方程,对3个压缩弹簧进行了优化设计。以压缩弹簧的弹簧中径、弹簧钢丝直径、工作圈数、预变形量及安装高度作为设计变量,用乘除法对该机构的弹簧力最小和弹簧重量最轻的多目标问题进行了归一化处理。以正确卡弹定位和弹簧设计要求作为约束条件,通过优化计算获得了最优结果。相对原设计参数,优化计算结果中3个压缩弹簧的最大弹簧力分别降低了23.1%、19.8%、34.6%,弹簧质量分别减小了58.9%、42.0%、77.8%。

To reduce the contact forces between shell and retaining pawl,shell and hold-down plate in the cartridge retaining mechanism of gun with a rotating chamber,and prolong the life of those parts,an optimization design for three compression springs is carried out via building motion differential equations of the shell during feeding and positioning.The spring intermediate diameters,spring wire diameters,number of effective coils,pre-deformation,assembled height are supposed as the design variables.The multi-objective optimization problem of the minimum forces and minimum weights of the springs is normalized based on a multiplication-division method.Optimum results are obtained after optimization calculation with the proper shell-feed and spring design requirements as the constraint conditions.Compared with the original design parameters,the maximum forces of three springs of optimum results are reduced by 23.1%,19.8% and 34.6%,the spring weights decrease by 58.8%,42.0% and 77.8%.